National interests of the state and the possibility of restricting the right to freedom of speech: the question of correlation

Authors

  • R. Chernysh
  • L. Osichnyuk

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21564/2414-990X.155.243660

Keywords:

freedom of speech, destructive information influence, misinformation, fake, propaganda, national security, national interests

Abstract

The article examines the possibility of restricting the right to freedom of speech in order to protect the national interests of the state. An analysis of normative legal acts prohibiting the dissemination of destructive information, such as calls for a violent change in the constitutional order of Ukraine, the outbreak of aggressive war, incitement to national, racial or religious hatred, etc.

The right to freedom of expression is not absolute and may be limited. The article substantiates the criteria for state intervention in the information sphere, which allow limiting the dissemination of destructive information and preserving democratic values. Such criteria include the legality of the procedure, the legality of the purpose and the minimum amount of intervention.

The article considers the existing mechanisms in Ukraine to respond to harmful informational influences. The law provides for liability for disseminating false information at several levels: civil, administrative and criminal. At the same time, these mechanisms are insufficient, as the concepts of «misinformation», «fake», etc. are not normatively defined. The article describes the state policy to combat destructive information influence. The bases of activity of state bodies created for the purpose of counteraction to dissemination of misinformation and propaganda are considered, namely the Center of counteraction of misinformation at Council of National Security and Defense of Ukraine and the Center of Strategic Communications and Information Security at the Ministry of Culture and Information Policy.

The strategies of the state on counteraction to harmful information influence are analyzed. The Doctrine of Information Security of Ukraine is considered, which clarifies the basics of the state information policy in the direction of counteracting the destructive information influence of the Russian Federation in the conditions of the hybrid war unleashed by it. The main provisions of the Information Security Strategy, which defines the general principles of information security, are also considered.

The strategies of the state on counteraction to harmful information influence are analyzed. The Doctrine of Information Security of Ukraine is considered, which clarifies the basics of the state information policy in the direction of counteracting the destructive information influence of the Russian Federation in the conditions of the hybrid war unleashed by it. The main provisions of the Information Security Strategy, which defines the general principles of information security, are also considered.

References

Konstytutsiia Ukrainy vid 28.06.1996 r. № 254k/96-VR. Data onovlennia: 01.01.2020. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/254%D0%BA/96-%D0%B2%D1%80#Text [in Ukrainian].

Kostenko, S., Strilchu, V., Chernysh, R., & Buchynska, A. (2021). The threats to national security of Ukraine and Poland in assisting to the development of the crypto-asset market: legal aspect. Management Theory and Studies for Rural Business and Infrastructure Development, vol. 43(2), 225–236. URL: https://ejournals.vdu.lt/index.php/mtsrbid/article/view/1436.

Sviatun, O., Goncharuk, O., Chernysh, R., Kuzmenko, O., Kozych, I. (2021). Combating cybercrime: economic and legal aspects. WSEAS Transactions on Business and Economics, vol. 18, art. 72, 751–762. doi: https://doi.org/10.37394/23207.2021.18.72

Chernysh, R., Pogrebnaya, V., Montrin, I., Koval, T., Paramonova, O. (2020). Development of Internet communication and social networking in modern conditions: institutional and legal aspects. Revista San Gregorio (special issues Nov). URL: http://revista.sangregorio.edu.ec/index.php/REVISTASANGREGORIO/article/view/1572.

Chernysh, R.F., Pogrebnaya, V.L., Montrin, I.I.,. Koval, T.V, Paramonova, O.S. (2020). Formation and application of communication strategies through social networks: legal and organizational aspects. International Journal of Management, vol. 11, issue 06, 476–488. URL: http://www.iaeme.com/ijm/issues.asp?JType=IJM&VType=11&IType=6. doi: https://doi.org/10.34218/IJM.11.6.2020.041.

Chernysh, R.F. (2016). Shchodo shliakhiv udoskonalennia natsionalnoho kryminalnoho protsesualnoho zakonodavstva u sferi borotby z teroryzmom. Problemy zakonnosti, issue 135, 196–203 [in Ukrainian].

Konventsiia pro zakhyst prav liudyny i osnovopolozhnykh svobod vid 04.11.1950 r. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/995_004#Text [in Ukrainian].

Obmezhennia svobody slova vo blaho: za i proty. URL: https://video.detector.media/reports/obmezhennya-svobody-slova-vo-blago-za-i-proty-i708 [in Ukrainian].

Pro Osnovni zasady rozvytku informatsiinoho suspilstva v Ukraini na 2007-2015 roky: Zakon Ukrainy vid 09.01.2007 r. № 537-V. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/537-16#Text [in Ukrainian].

Pro telebachennia i radiomovlennia: Zakon Ukrainy vid 21.12.1993 r. № 3759-XII. Data onovlennia: 23.07.2021. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/3759-12#Text [in Ukrainian].

Pro drukovani zasoby masovoi informatsii (presu) v Ukraini: Zakon Ukrainy vid 16.11.1992 r. № 2782-XII. Data onovlennia: 03.07.2020. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2782-12#top [in Ukrainian].

Pro kinematohrafiiu: Zakon Ukrainy vid 13.01.1998 r. № 9/98-ВR. Data onovlennia: 16.10.2020. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/9/98-%D0%B2%D1%80#top [in Ukrainian].

Pro vydavnychu spravu: Zakon Ukrainy vid 05.06.1997 r. № 318/97-ВR. Data onovlennia: 16.10.2020. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/318/97-%D0%B2%D1%80#top [in Ukrainian].

Pro informatsiiu: Zakon Ukrainy vid 02.10.1992 r. № 2657-XII. Data onovlennia: 16.07.2020. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2657-12#top [in Ukrainian].

Pro rishennia Rady natsionalnoi bezpeky i oborony Ukrainy vid 2 liutoho 2021 roku “Pro zastosuvannia personalnykh spetsialnykh ekonomichnykh ta inshykh obmezhuvalnykh zakhodiv (sanktsii)”: Ukaz Prezydenta Ukrainy vid 02.02.2021 r. № 43/2021. URL: https://www.president.gov.ua/documents/432021-36441 [in Ukrainian].

SShA ta YeS pidtrymaly sanktsii proty Kozaka ta kanaliv “112-Ukraina”, ZIK та NewsOne. URL: https://suspilne.media/101828-ssa-pidtrimali-sankcii-proti-kozaka-ta-jogo-telekanaliv/ [in Ukrainian].

Tsyvilnyi kodeks Ukrainy: Zakon Ukrainy vid 16.01.2003 r. № 435-IV. Data onovlennia: 06.10.2021. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/435-15#top [in Ukrainian].

Kodeks Ukrainy pro administratyvni pravoporushennia: Zakon Ukrainy vid 07.12.1984 r. № 8073-X. Data onovlennia: 01.10.2021. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/80731-10#Text [in Ukrainian].

Kryminalnyi kodeks Ukrainy: Zakon Ukrainy vid 05.04.2001 r. № 2341-III. Data onovlennia: 04.10.2021. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2341-14#top [in Ukrainian].

Chernysh, R.F. (2019). Feik yak odyn iz instrumentiv nehatyvnoho vplyvu na natsionalnu bezpeku Ukrainy v umovakh vedennia hibrydnoi viiny. Chasopys Kyivskoho universytetu prava, 2, 109–114. URL: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/Chkup_2019_2_21 [in Ukrainian].

Pro Radu natsionalnoi bezpeky i oborony Ukrainy: Zakon Ukrainy vid 05.03.1998 r. № 183/98-ВR. Data onovlennia: 11.01.2019. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/183/98-%D0%B2%D1%80#top [in Ukrainian].

Pro rishennia Rady natsionalnoi bezpeky i oborony Ukrainy vid 11 bereznia 2021 roku “Pro stvorennia Tsentru protydii dezinformatsii”: Ukaz Prezydenta Ukrainy vid 19.03.2021 r. № 106/2021. URL: https://www.president.gov.ua/documents/1062021-37421 [in Ukrainian].

Pytannia Tsentru protydii dezinformatsii: Ukaz Prezydenta Ukrainy vid 07.05.2021 r. № 187/2021. URL: https://www.president.gov.ua/documents/1872021-38841 [in Ukrainian].

Pro sanktsii: Zakon Ukrainy vid 14.08.2014 r. № 1644-VII. Data onovlennia: 01.07.2021. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1644-18#top [in Ukrainian].

Pro zatverdzhennia Polozhennia pro Ministerstvo kultury Ukrainy: Postanova Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrainy vid 03.09.2014 r. № 495. Data onovlennia: 30.08.2019. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/495-2014-%D0%BF#Text [in Ukrainian].

Prezentovano Tsentr stratehichnykh komunikatsii ta informatsiinoi bezpeky. URL: https://www.kmu.gov.ua/news/prezentovano-centr-strategichnih-komunikacij-ta-informacijnoyi-bezpeki [in Ukrainian].

RNBO skhvalyla plan oborony Ukrainy, stratehii informatsiinoi bezpeky, biobezpeky ta biolohichnoho zakhystu, zastosuvala sanktsii shchodo deiakykh fizychnykh i yurydychnykh osib. URL: https://www.rnbo.gov.ua/ua/Diialnist/5085.html [in Ukrainian].

Pro rishennia Rady natsionalnoi bezpeky i oborony Ukrainy vid 29 hrudnia 2016 roku “Pro Doktrynu informatsiinoi bezpeky Ukrainy”: Ukaz Prezydenta Ukrainy vid 25.02.2017 r. № 47/2017. URL: https://www.president.gov.ua/documents/472017-21374 [in Ukrainian].

Pro rishennia Rady natsionalnoi bezpeky i oborony Ukrainy vid 2021 roku “Pro Stratehiiu informatsiinoi bezpeky”: proiekt Ukazu Prezydenta Ukrainy. URL: https://mkip.gov.ua/files/pdf/45698712365.pdf [in Ukrainian].

Published

2021-12-20

How to Cite

Chernysh, R., & Osichnyuk, L. (2021). National interests of the state and the possibility of restricting the right to freedom of speech: the question of correlation. Problems of Legality, (155), 166–181. https://doi.org/10.21564/2414-990X.155.243660

Issue

Section

ADMINISTRATIVE LAW AND PROCEDURE. INFORMATION LAW